Calcium-phosphate ceramics in spine surgery: features of regeneration and use

The review is based on the analysis of 53 literature sources from PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. Among substitutes for autogenous bone grafts in spine surgery, ceramic biomaterials are largest studied group, among which certain niche occupied by calcium phosphate ceramics (CPCs). Hydroxylapatite, tricalcium biphasic with all parts hydroxylapatite widely used surgery. advantage using CPCs their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, osteoimmunomodulation ability to stimulate angiogenesis — main components that ensure regeneration. In given review, peculiarities regeneration interface “ceramic material tissue” depending composition, surface structure, crystallinity noted. positive results experimental studies led use clinic. successfully posterior posterolateral lumbar spondylodesis, allows reducing significantly volume autologous bone. A new direction development non-metallic combined cages, perform anterior cervical discectomy spondylodesis. composition these cages includes various polymers combination graft high-quality reduce stress-shielding subsidence cage. special approach requires study degradation resorption osteoclasts order control synchronize process “resorption formation”. issues further research, molecular mechanisms osteoimunomodulation factors osseointegration osteoinduction management reparative osteogenesis should be explored.